Leishmania tropica

 

 

 

 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Leishmania_tropica_7.jpg

 

Clinical Syndromes

 The incubation period can be as short as 2 weeks or as long as 2 months.

First signs of infection, a red papule will appear at the site of the bite. It would become irritated and would being to swell and ulcerate. Soon after, the ulcer would become hard and crusted. It will then exude a thin serous material and complications might arise. No treatment is needed as it will heal by itself however, it will leave behind a scar. 

 

Treatment, Prevention and Control

 Heat can be applied directly to the lesion. Protective clothing, screening should be used to protect oneself from the bites. Upon infection, it has to be treated promptly to reduce the incidence of human infection. 

 

 

 

 

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Parasite is defined as an organism that derives its nutrients from another living organism, the host. Parasitic diseases are usually referred to those caused by protozoa, helminths and arthropods which love at the expense of their host. Successful parasites are the ones who are able to maintain their own life processes without killing their host.

Several ways to distinguish parasites infection and bacteria/viruses infection:

  1. Parasites have a complex life cycle that involves the formation of resistant cyst in the organism. (it can usually survive for long periods outside the host.)
  2. Life cycle might involve an insect vector (carrier) that is important for the transmission of disease. In most cases, it is impossible to eliminate the vector effectively.
  3. Some parasites are capable of infecting both humans and animals, thus both can act as reservoirs for the infection. This is true for most protozal infections carried by insects.
  4. Many parasites has life cycle that requires enough time to allow for the various stages to mature, either in soil or in an insect or host.